Limits on U.S. Military Involvement in Humanitarian Crises essays

Limits on U.S. Military Involvement in Humanitarian Crises essays The primary purpose of setting up armed forces of any country is to ensure the stability of the nation in times of war. Further to this mission is to defend the country against foreign or domestic (with regulations) aggression. Hence, the military is there to conduct offensive and defensive combat operations as mandated by the chain of command. The United States military establishment especially has a long tradition of war fighting capabilities and history, but in some areas it has been called upon to handle humanitarian missions such as peacekeeping, relief operations, infrastructure buildup and related stability operations. The 1990s was the first decade in nearly half a century in which the U.S. military was deployed on missions that involved the reconstruction of governments, infrastructure, and economies after quelling the chaos of internecine conflicts. (Serafino, 2006) Majority of humanitarian missions involve peacekeeping duties and during a humanitarian intervention, the mi litarys mission is expected to derive from the U.S. national security strategy.1 The objective could be to support U.S. interests on behalf of allies, public concern, to support democracy, etc. These objectives are often different from those of the humanitarian action organizations involved, especially those of NGOs and IGOs. (Hinson, 1998) The involvement of the U.S. military in whatever humanitarian missions is still dependent on the National Command Authority. Although the missions are altruistic and serves a more positive output rather than the natural warfighting premise, humanitarian missions taxed the capability of the military from what their actual missions are. As Serafino reports (2006): For well over a decade, some Members of Congress expressed reservations about U.S. military involvement in peacekeeping operations. The Bush Administration initially opposed such missions and took steps to reduce the commitment o...

The 1860s Boshin War in Japan

The 1860s Boshin War in Japan When  Commodore Matthew Perry  and the American black ships showed up in Edo Harbor, their appearance and subsequent opening of  Japan  set off an unpredictable chain of events in  Tokugawa Japan, chief among them a civil war that broke out fifteen years later: the Boshin War. The Boshin War lasted only two years, between 1868 and 1869, and pitted Japanese samurai and nobles against the reigning Tokugawa regime, wherein the samurai wanted to overthrow the  shogun  and return political power to the emperor. Ultimately, t he militant pro-emperor samurai of Satsuma and Choshu convinced the emperor to issue a decree dissolving the House of Tokugawa, a potentially fatal blow to the former shoguns family. First Signs of the War On January 27, 1868, the shogunates army - numbering over 15,000 and primarily comprised of traditional samurai  - attacked the troops of Satsuma and Choshu at the southern entrance to Kyoto, the imperial capital. Choshu and Satsuma had only 5,000 troops in the fight, but they had modern weaponry including rifles, howitzers, and even Gatling guns. When the pro-imperial troops won the two-day-long fight, several important daimyo switched their allegiance from the shogun to the emperor. On February 7, the former shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu left Osaka and withdrew to his own capital city of Edo (Tokyo). Discouraged by his flight, the shogunal forces gave up their defense of Osaka Castle, which fell to imperial forces the following day. In another blow to the shogun, foreign ministers from the western powers decided in early February to recognize the emperors government as the rightful government of Japan. However, this did not prevent samurai on the imperial side from attacking foreigners in several separate incidents as anti-foreigner sentiment was running very high. A New Empire is Born Saigo Takamori, later famed as the Last Samurai, led the emperors troops across Japan to encircle Edo in May of 1869 and the shoguns capital city surrendered unconditionally a short time later. Despite this apparently quick defeat of the shogunal forces, the commander of the shoguns navy refused to surrender eight of his ships, instead heading north, hoping to join forces with the Aizu clans samurai and other northern domain warriors, who were still loyal to the shogunal government. The Northern Coalition was valiant but relied on traditional fighting methods and weaponry. It took the well-armed imperial troops from May to November of 1869 to finally defeat the stubborn northern resistance, but on November 6, the last Aizu samurai surrendered.   Two weeks earlier, the Meiji Period had officially begun, and the former shogunal capital at Edo was renamed Tokyo, meaning eastern capital.   Fallout and Consequences Although the Boshin War was over, fallout from this series of events continued. Die-hards from the Northern Coalition, as well as a few French military advisers, tried to set up a separate Ezo Republic on the northern island of Hokkaido, but the short-lived republic surrendered and winked out of existence on June 27, 1869. In an interesting twist, Saigo Takamori of the very pro-Meiji Satsuma Domain later regretted his role in the Meiji Restoration. He ended up being swept into a leadership role in the doomed Satsuma Rebellion, which ended in 1877 with his death.

The Wide Definition and Scope of Public Relation Essay

The Wide Definition and Scope of Public Relation - Essay Example Ewen, S. (1996) in his book titled PR: A Social History of Spin defines public relation as â€Å"the art and science of managing communication between an organization and its key public constituents to build, manage, and sustain its positive image’. Personally, I would define public relation as a process of supervising and ensuring effective communication between an organization and its targeted audiences with a major aim of developing, administering and sustaining a good image. All the above definitions have one thing in common in that they are all talking about building good public relationships through proper communication skills. Their main aim is securing a good public image so as to earn mileage from the general public on matters relating to effective communication. They also have differences for example, Edward B. (2001) sees public relation as a function of the management that defines procedures policies so as to earn the expected acceptance and understanding from the general public, Ewen, S. (1996) sees public relation as an art and science that manages communication transpiring between a given organization and its people with the aim of directing and maintaining a good image within the organization. For Ewen, he views public relation as something that will help as in maintaining a good public image while Edward opinion is that public relation will help us in obtaining acceptance and understanding from the general public. Cutlip, S (1994) views public relation differently as a designed attempt on influencing opinion via responsible actions and a good personality to gain satisfaction in two way systems.

EC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

EC - Essay Example Allen gets the bonds. She reclaimed the safe back in the same condition that she had entrusted it to the agent plus the bonds signed on it. The fact that Barbara kept the bonds means that the safe was in a good condition than it was with the entrusted agent. The agent had sold the safe to neither Barbara nor any other person; Allen thus reserves all rights to the safe and its contents. Barbara was only keeping the safe for the agent and has no rights to the safe or its contents whatsoever. Although the discovery was not planned for, Barbara’s duty in the whole scenario was to keep the safe or sell it to any prospective buyer for the $100. She did not sell it; Allen who is legally the owner gets the safe and the bonds. Allen has claims to the bonds. This is because the safe had not been sold yet and she has a right to reclaim it and the bonds that come with it. Barbara discovered the crack on the safe with the bonds signed on it. Barbara though cannot claim the bonds since she refused to buy the old safe even after the discovery of the bonds. If she had bought the safe, she would then claim the bonds. The agent, on the other hand, was to fuel the purchase of the old safe. He never knew the bonds existed, nor did he have any rights to neither the safe nor the bonds signed on it (Clore, 164). Allen gets the bonds. She reclaimed the safe back in the same condition that she had entrusted it to the agent plus the bonds signed on it. The fact that Barbara kept the bonds means that the safe was in a good condition than it was with the entrusted agent. The agent had sold the safe to neither Barbara nor any other person; Allen thus reserves all rights to the safe and its contents. Barbara was only keeping the safe for the agent and has no rights to the safe or its contents whatsoever. Although the discovery was not planned for, Barbara’s duty in the whole scenario was to keep the safe or sell it to any prospective buyer for the $100. She did

Litigation and Alternatives Essay Example for Free

Litigation and Alternatives Essay America has come a long way since the American colonies settled from where humanity was to where humanity is now. We did not have the law system that we have now and issues were unresolved that turned into chaos. From law courts, chancery courts, to merchant courts, there are several categories of courts. Those that we separate are Federal and State Courts. Federal Courts take over foreign and interstate commerce that entail of U. S. District Courts, U. S. Court of Appeals, and U. S. Supreme Courts. State courts take over state legislatures that include State Supreme Courts, Appellate Courts, Trial Courts, and Lower Courts. Living in society today, we will have different views and different perceptions. We will either at one time come to face litigation or some type of ADR matter. With this being said, litigation, and alternatives will fall into place at least one point in ones life. This is part of what both parties, as mentioned in the video will face. A company called â€Å"Quick Takes† tried out a program to help build their business to grow. Incidentally, the program Non Linear Pro did not quite work out for Quick Takes. Thankfully Quick Takes had been under the impression that Non Linear Pro was a trial. Under any circumstances had Quick Takes been under the assumption that Non Pro Linear had been a permanent program that had been purchased. Soon to discover a bill of 5,000. 00 was sent to Quick Takes. Quick Takes immediately contacted Non Linear Pro and advised that the bill had been invalid. Both parties had a verbal agreement of trying out the product as a trial. Although there may had been a verbal agreement, Quick Takes unknowingly signed a contract thought to be a delivery slip signed by Janet Mason. Non Linear Pro stated that the lease had been signed and if Quick Takes did not cooperate, then Non Linear Pro would create a lawsuit. So to name some of the legal issues that the two parties could face are arbitration, meditation, litigation, cross complaint, and mini-trials. Arbitration is an arbitrator that helps settle disputes between the two parties by researching the information provided by both parties. The arbitrator is a member of the American Arbitration Association who makes the ultimate decision of the outcome between the two parties by helping the two come to an agreement. The two parties will use arbitration when there is no need for a further relationship. Mediation is primarily used when there may be a future relationship between the two parties. The two parties come to an agreement and make the ultimate decision. A neutral party helps both parties come to an agreement; however, it does not make the ultimate decision. Mediation is primarily used when they can or may continue to maintain a relationship. Litigation also known as a judicial dispute resolution takes place in courts. The courts ultimately will make the decision of the outcome between the parties. Mini-Trials are a compromise between mediation and arbitration. Lawyers represent both parties and a neutral party is involved to help settle by advising of strengths and weaknesses. If the two parties do not come to an agreement in a timely matter then the neutral party will make the decision. Cross-complaint occurs when the defendant sues the plaintiff due to other damages caused by the plaintiff. The legal issues presented in the video are dealing with litigation. The plaintiff served the defendant and the defendant needs to respond or a default judgment will be entered. In this case, arbitration wil be the best method. I do not see a future in either party’s relationship. Most individuals will choose arbitration and mediation over litigation because it is cheaper, no lawyers are involved, and there is a lack of publicity. Reach out to as many sources to prevent any type of legal action. Having many options, the ultimate decision will impact heavily on the outcome.

Goals and Dreams :: Example Personal Narratives

Goals and Dreams I hate to shop. I do not use that word lightly either. I had probably rather clean out my closet than go shopping. My mom always did the shopping around my house while I was growing up. Though, when it came to shopping for clothes and shoes, attendance was required. I have always lived in a small town. It is one of those towns where the local beauty shop is full of gossip and the local restaurant is full of coffee-drinkers and cigarette smoke. My mom, my older brother, my younger sister, and I would load up in the car and drive to the shoe store. The shoe store just outside of the town was pretty well-known ... to us. It was a long, narrow, white block building with a gravel parking lot. Inside it had a section for purses, one for belts, some socks, and of course, shoes. I was always given the choice of whatever shoes I wanted. I knew though, to pass the "mother inspection," it was best if they were mostly white and low-top. When I found what I wanted, I had to try them on. I would walk around in them to see if the heel was going to slip up and down, check them out in those little mirrors they prop up in the floor, and (as the final stage of the analysis) have my toes mashed. My mom would get down in the floor and place her thumb at the end of my biggest toe. She always left this little dent in the end of my shoe, which I wasted no time popping out with the help of my toes. If there was "thumb-room" that meant there was growing room which, to her, seemed to be the most important part of shopping. It is funny how we buy our clothes and shoes anticipating growth. This is not a bad idea. (I cannot say that I ever owned anything that stayed too big for very long.) Most of my life has been centered around the "biggers" and "betters." It worked. Each of the phases of my life have been, in hindsight, progressively greater experiences. I never wanted to leave elementary school; then I had a blast in high school.

“The Metamorphosis” Expressionism

Expressionism An expressionist piece of literature portrays a vision of the real world through the author’s point of view. â€Å"The Metamorphosis† is an excellent example of expressionism. It shows Franz Kafka’s honest interpretation of the world. His endless fears from his life can be seen in â€Å"The Metamorphosis†. Two fears of Frank Kafka’s that keep re-appearing in â€Å"The Metamorphosis† are displacement in society and strained relationships with society. After Gregor’s metamorphosis he also is no longer a part of his human society and can no longer preserve his relationships with his family.Gregor’s metamorphosis symbolizes Frank Kafka’s every nightmare and hardship in life. Franz Kafka was born in a Jewish family in Prague in 1833. He wasn’t a part of the Jewish community whole heartedly nor was he a part of the German community wholeheartedly. He was out of place in society much like the main character, Gregor in â€Å"The Metamorphosis†. Gregor was an insect in a human world. Everything about him differed from a human’s. He went from a young and capable man one night to an â€Å"old dung beetle† (42). he next morning. A man can never be part of society if he doesn’t know how to fit in. How was Gregor to fit in as an insect? It’s impossible. Some might argue looks aren’t everything one can be an important figure in society and make an impact just through the power of speech. But Gregor couldn’t even do that. To everything that Gregor wished to say the response he received in return was â€Å"Did you understand even a single word? † (18). Neither Franz Kafka or Gregor were able to truly fit in their society.Another key component in Franz Kafka’s life was his strained relationship with his father. This is evident in Gregor’s life as well. The novelette does not tell the reader information on Gregor’s relati onship with his father before the metamorphosis. But from the astonishment of Gregor in response to his father’s actions and words the reader can conclude that his behavior towards Gregor was not always like this. No matter what Gregor did â€Å"his father was in no mood for such niceties† (37). This portrays Franz Kafka’s failure in ever making his father proud of him.Franz Kafka was the eldest yet he could not carry the pride of the family. Gregor has carried his family’s burden for a long time. In fact â€Å"he was hot all over with shame and sorrow† (30) when he thought of his family having to make a living for themselves. He had always been the provider. However he was never appreciated, yet another message of Franz Kafka. No one appreciated him in his lifetime. Therefore his character was never appreciated. They were both stepped on as if they were no more significant than an insect.

Market Structures Essay

Each market structure plays a significant role in the economy. Markets are categorized according to the structure of each industry serving the market. Three of the basic market structures include competitive markets, monopolies, and oligopolies. These differ due to the different number of strength of buyers and sellers and also the level of collusion between them. There are stages of competition and magnitude of the difference in products. When there are many buyers and sellers of a product then neither firms are able influence prices, therefore making it competitive. In competitive markets there are not restraints on firms going in and out of the market and buyers can purchase the same product or products from many sellers and get the same products. For example, potatoes are in the competitive market because consumers can find a potato farm that offers them at the lowest market price, and they can produce however much they want or as much as they can profit from at the going rate. There are many options for buyers because, with the knowledge, there is a lower price so they can always observe to find the best price. Lets say a good/product is $10 at the market price and a firm produces 10 units per day. The total revenue for the day would be $100 ($10 x 10 = $100), but the marginal revenue with producing the eleventh unit per day would increase from $100 to $ 110 ( 11 x $10). However marginal cost do vary depending on the amount of goods produced. For example, a firm may increase input so marginal cost is equal to the market price. As long as the market price covers the variable cost there is incentive to stay in business, and possibly in the long run maximize profits (Jeffery Ely, 2012). So basically with a numerous amount of buyers and sellers in the market it creates competition and very little bargaining power for buyers and sellers. There are usually not many barriers that exist within competitive markets because the exit and entry levels are low. For example, even though the market for making cars competitive the upfront capitol cost are high, which can create difficulty entering, or getting started. In some cases an exit barrier may exist if a large amounts of money is tied up in firm.

Pros and Cons of Canadian Education System essays

Pros and Cons of Canadian Education System essays  ¡Ã‚ °The best gift I gave to my children was sending them to Canada to study, ¡ said a proprietor of a store I heard on the radio one year ago when I was in China.  ¡Ã‚ °Why? Because I deeply believe that Canadian education is better than China ¡Ã‚ ¯s. I don ¡Ã‚ ¯t say Chinese education isn ¡Ã‚ ¯t good, but it is a fact that Chinese education system has a long way to go to be as good as Canada ¡Ã‚ ¯s. ¡ Canada, with the United States, has a lot of strengths in the educational area. Studying at schools, students are allowed to be creative. Instructors guide students to quote challenging assumptions by using flexible ways for different kinds of students. Also instructors would like to give students enough places to do whatever they want. Then students may brain-storm and discuss about questions as well as alternative possibilities regarding the subjects they learn in class. Perhaps the educational system in the United States has contributed much to its political, economical and industrial success. And Canada is not far behind. Canadian schools, especially universities and colleges are free forms like an open market. They are not like the Asian schools that have the strict limits and regulations. In Asia, students only depend on their entrance examination marks to choose schools or majors. In Canadian schools, students ¡Ã‚ ¯ marks are conducted with behavior, quizzes, assignment, midterms, and finals. Also students in Canada have a more flexible curriculum to choose from. Based on the free forms of Canadian education, there is not as much pressure on students as in the Asian education system. Students in Canada allocate and organize their extracurricular time freely. That is a good chance for students to grow their self-confidence and independence. But in Asia, most things students do are strictly planned. Students follow the traditional rules to think and discuss questions without extended imagination...

Make a Mixture and a Compound from Iron and Sulfur

Make a Mixture and a Compound from Iron and Sulfur A mixture occurs when you combine matter in a way where the components can be separated again. A compound results from a chemical reaction between components, forming a new substance. For example, you can combine iron filings with sulfur to form a mixture. All it takes is a magnet to separate the iron from the sulfur. On the other hand, if you heat the iron and sulfur, you form iron sulfide, which is a compound. What You Need Iron filingsSulfur  (powder or flowers of sulfur)MagnetTest tube or beakerBurner or hot plate or stove Creating a Mixture and Then a Compound First form a mixture. Stir some iron filings and sulfur together to form a powder. You have just taken two elements and combined them to form a mixture. You can separate the components of the mixture by stirring the powder with a magnet (iron will stick to it) or by swirling the powder with the magnet under the container (the iron will fall toward the magnet at the bottom - this is less messy).If you heat the mixture over a bunsen burner, hot plate, or stove, the mixture will start to glow. The elements will react and will form iron sulfide, which is a compound. Careful! Unlike the mixture, the formation of a compound cant be undone so easily. Use glassware that you dont mind ruining. When you form a mixture, you can add components in any ratio that you want. It doesnt matter if there is more iron than sulfur, for example. When you form a compound, the components react according to a set formula. If there is an excess of one or the other, it will remain after the reaction that forms the compound. For example, you may have some leftover iron or sulfur in the tube with your mixture. 2 grams of sulfur with 3.5 grams of iron filings will completely react.

Arab World Project Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Arab World Project Analysis - Research Paper Example Hypothesis: This project is based on the hypothesis that intervention is required to check the trend of obesity in Arab countries and physical exercise is the best tool to reduce its prevalence. The hypothesis is structured on the assumption that the new project would be beneficial to the people in countries like Jordan, Syria and Lebanon. Besides, due to the high demand expected for such a service, the project will be highly feasible. Background Information – Literature Review: The project is based on a health service that envisages physical fitness and training centers in Jordan, Syria and Lebanon. Physical exercise and fitness is very crucial in avoiding various healthcare issues including obesity. Diabetes, Obesity, and CHD are very common amongst the population this peninsula (Al-Nuaim, 1997). Physical activity of the people has significantly been reduced with the availability of housemaids, television, private cars and various sophisticated home appliances (Alwan 1993). Fast foods contain large amounts of fats such as in items like fried chicken, hamburgers, french-fries etc and these have become very popular in Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon (Amine and Al-Awadi 1990). Lack of exercise also contributes to the prevalence of obesity and such healthcare problems. The rapid economic growth has produced considerable alterations in socioeconomic lifestyle and status. The sedentary lifestyle ultimately results in larger accumulation of body fat in the individuals. (C. J. Caspersen, K. E. Powell, and G, 1985). Jordan is one of the newest countries in the Middle East with a total of 6million inhabitants. Population of the Adolescents (10-24 years) represents 1/3rd of the Jordanian population or just above 1.5 million persons. (Department of Statistics [Jordan]. 2009Amman, Jordan) According to the Behavioral Risk Factor Survey for Jordan, almost 50% of Jordanian adults, reportedly, are not in the habit of engaging in physical activities and 81% of them are suppo sed to have a low intake level of fruits and vegetables (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2004). In another survey that was conducted in Jordan, 14.3% of Jordanian adolescents people aged 13-15 years were found to be at the top in the list of becoming overweight, and also 83% of them participated in inadequate physical activities, and only 14.3% of them were reported to be physically energetic (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2007). These challenges also impact the Jordanian lifestyle and health and also increase the risk of various diseases. Syria also confronts various healthcare issues in the present scenario. â€Å"As the quasi- independent Syrian government took an increasing amount of decision-making power from the French authorities, the notions of connections between strong male bodies and a strong nation that had percolated throughout the decade became institutionalized as part of government policy† (Dolbee, pg.2). Regular exercise helps to reduc e the risk of developing various kinds of diseases like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, type 2 diabetes as well as certain types of cancer. Besides, such physical activities drastically reduce the risk of heart attacks. It is significant that physical activity be defined prior to examining its status among Syrian children and adolescents (Caspersen C 1985). The capability to relate