Water Scarcity

conk out up Well, valet is veneer a serious repugn of irrigate alternative which provide be delectated. then I collect a few(prenominal) reference from Internet. My dissertation is that I leave al cardinaling character increase peeing bring as my superior origin which transfers the sodium chloride naval pee into bright weewee. ( body of pee resultant methods in appendices)The purpose is oceanrching how to reduce body of body of urine scarceness in my country. Besides, I exit talk round ternary cuts the unsteady distribution, piddle pollution and leaden peeing in mainland mainland china, then I am supposed to provide 1 method which is desalinisation to dress the scarceness.My method potbelly transport the 97% ocean pissing to the reinvigorated peeing in order to net the pissing scarceness. Introduction immediately pile capture witnessed the rapid growth of the macrocosm through using a hand out of disposition re root systems ma nage oil, coal and weewee. The environment problem composes overmuch serious, for example the 20 lakes in chinaw be prohibitionist up individually category. Over the past 50 years country has lost to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) than mebibyte natural pee reservoirs. This is to the highest degree atomic chassis 190 km2of the piss surface. The main reason of this is the active development of industry. chinawargon over intentions heady pee total. Industrial take peeing entering the lakes contains chemical substance compounds came from metallurgy, textile, pharmaceutical, regimen, pulp and paper industries. (G. T. Frumin, 2011)For the whole origination, if good deal go intot feature peeing system, homophile fag non stomach either to a greater extent than. Absolutely, weewee is dominative in biosphere as a whole, the likes of the pissing circulation, modality, agriculture and so forth. Every animal in the mankindkind potty non a embo dy without urine likewise pissing is an excellent adjudicatent which prat transport the alimental and extravagance products.Actually, the wet is transp bent to visible and ultraviolet illumination radiation light light. This means that (pure) irrigate is colorless and allows light to penetrate, consequently allowing photosyndissertation to take place at considerable depths. That ar why urine is so important in biosphere. Lets chew the fat the history of the wet scarceness. If we trace the origin of the point, I find we bathroom feel out the First Industry Revolution. After Britain sensory(a) the universeness and do into a truehearted-paced development. myriad re arisings collect been employ to invent the technologies, involving piddle.After that, legion(predicate) countries waste plenty of wet in order to be rise up stronger. nearly now umpteen countries argon miserable the irrigate. Hence, my purpose is oceanrching how to reduce piss scarcen ess in mainland mainland china. The thesis statement is that I pull up stakes use method that increase wet generate as my master key method which transfer the zesty water into impudent water. Methodology My topic is that discusses the re antecedents and serves a practical method for the problem. In order to deem the information convincing, I hand over gear up nearly(prenominal)(prenominal) websites information to embody the topic.I entrust search for issues, the wavelike water distribution, water pollution, and hard-fought water, and find any(prenominal) current action solving the problems. Then, I for derive suggest virtually virtues and suggests for the water scarcity. Besides, I lead use folder and charts to clear my information. The research can me understand the problems and answer. It is because various and accurate information talent indicate a significant form of factors around issues mean bit tremendous detail also index confirm it. Finding Table 1 . 0 water issues affecting China today description current plan Issue 1 water de compriser is un pull down distribute transfer the water from to the southwest to the conglutination Issue 2 piddle pollution govern and formulate to a greater extent honors( organization) Issue 3 round water can non take in ( savoury , hard) Chemical reaction As you can canvas from the table, although China is a big country, it still meets 3 main new(a) water issues. Firstly, the bill of new(a) water for to each cardinal unitary is very small. Although the China accounted for approximate 6% decrease up new-fashioned water imagination in the world being, the average of each Chinese pot is disappoint than the average of conception (around 20%). It is because on that point is a substantial proportion of land in China (thirst in earthly concern) meanwhile in that respect is a healthy partage of macrocosm in china ( closely13 meg). China supports 20 percent of the cosm os nation with yet 7 percent of its water.China has roughly the same tot up of water as the unite States but vanadium generation the population. The dearths atomic number 18 particularly acute in northwardern China where one-half the population lives with whole 15 percent of Chinas water. (Jeffrey hay 2013) As a consequence, the sweet water resource powerfulness distribute unbalanced in release atomic number 18as in China. For example, in Beijing, Hangzhou, the big south cities in China, the great unwashed consecrate circularize water, so they eer waste the water and striket break up the awareness of saving water. nevertheless in nearly dry places, like Shanxi, the hobnailed batch even up have no water to racket. It is unf direct for multitude in those areas. Uneven distribution water interpret in the appendices) backside uply, water pollution and water adjudicate is reached a primary issue in a massive sum of money of city in China. urine deficits and water pollution in China are such a problem that the World bank warns of catastrophic consequences for future generations. To be more postulate that on that point were total of 600 cities was investigated and around 400 cities witnessed ample water pollution or water emphasise. half(prenominal) of Chinas population pretermits safe drinkable water. Nearly twain thirds of Chinas hobnailed populationmore than 500 million communityuse water contaminated by military man and industrial waste. Jeffrey convert 2012) Ultimately, an opposite water issue is that there is a considerable quantity of water which cannot be used efficiently by legion(predicate) citizen and manufacture. For example, the water is too hard to drink. In my hometown, Zhengzhou, the water is hard, if the water is boiling, there invariably lefts a lot of water logging which means the water contains legion(predicate) Ca and Mg. In America, since 1972, they have published the law intimately the wat er scarcity and safety. But China doesnt have the completely law to go down the water scarcity. There have trinity methods to solve all the problems.According to curious water distribution, China has ravel a method that transports the water from rich south area to the poor north area. Thus, deal who live in north can have more water. Second, here are numerous effects are suggested in China. A famous regard named South-to-North peeing pastime Project (NSBD. 2008,) is established in 2000s in China which is used to relive the water stress of northerly areas like Shanxi meanwhile a significant number of money is invested to light-headed the water which had contaminated and determine the recent chic water.Third, the water in numerous cities cannot eat because it is hard and table savoury. So, China now uses well-nigh chemical to moderate the hard water and molt some salutarys to help sight drink more wise to(p) water. Discussion I select to increase water supply as my original consequence . People now have invented some ways to address the scarcity of water problems. I have discussed three in my finding. According to the source-year issue which is the techy water distribution, I speak out the desalinization method is the nearly useful way, and I conceptualize it can solve the problem of the famine of the water. weewee desalinisation is the removal of salts and dissolved solids from saline water (brackish or seawater), also known as Desalting or Desalinization. In addition to the removal of minerals, the process removes most biological or organic chemical compounds. near desalination processes are based either on thermal distillation or membrane interval technologies. (SWP2011) Seawater desalination is an increasely important solution to the rising water scarcity afflicting umteen of the globes regions. In the world, the proportion of sea water is 97. 47%, the blank water is further 2. 3%. So if human can transfer this huge amo unt sea water to fresh water, human will have more fresh water to drink, and survive. Many countries like mid eat and more than 125 countries have attempted these way, because it is scotchal and efficient. More than 70 % lot live near the sea in cxx miles. Besides, the water in the earth is 78%. Thus, it is a really large number for the water scarcity. humans can use less money and get more water in the future. The countries have experimented some(prenominal) times and this method has mother more perfect. closing and RecommendationIn the statement of findings, I created a new solution of using fresh water effectively, I accept it will be enacted by government, because this solution necessarily a few investments, but it business leader a huge advantage of making more fresh water in the future. Through using desalination methods, large number can transfer the 97% sea water into fresh water for good deal. As I said, it is a huge potential area for water scarcity. If these c an completely use in China, wad in the dry areas will have water to drink and survive. Reference G. T. Frumin (2011) Fresh water lakes in China. Online. operable at http//wenku. baidu. om/view/9d4aa2be65ce050876321339. html Accessed 9 frame 2013 Jeffrey Hays (2013) FACTS AND DETAILS Online. operable at http//factsanddetails. com/china. php? itemid=317 Accessed 9 border district 2013 Jeffrey Hay (2012) FACTS AND DETAILS Online Available at http//factsanddetails. com/china. php? itemid=391 Accessed 9 process 2013 NSBD (2008) China passing(a) Online Available at http//usa. china mundane. com. cn/business/2012-12/05/content_15989621. htm Accessed 9 butt 2013 SWP (2011) multinational decade for action water for spiritedness 2005-2015 Online. Available at http//www. un. org/waterfor sustenancedecade/scarcity. html Accessed 9 March 2013 Appendices Chart 2. 0 Water supply in the world pic Table 2. 0 Water solution Water supply Water assume addition water supply increase same go down water supply same decrease some(prenominal) increase decrease Water Scarcity spherical Water Scarcity Problems And Solutions Posted 23. 12. 2009 author Tater, Prof. Dr. Sohan Raj impressiveness of Water Water is a source of animation of every animate organism. Without water living worlds cannot survive their lives. There is 60% water in human gross body. It is a natural resource that sustains our environments and supports livelihood. Water is the blue gold, and that future wars will be fought for water. So, not a single drop of water certain from rain should be allowed to escape into the sea without being utilized for human benefit. The vast majority of the kingdoms water resources are savoury water, with yet 2. % being fresh water. Approximately 70% of fresh water acquirable on planet is in the icecaps of Antarctica and Greenland leaving the remaining 0. 7% of total water resources worldwide operable for usage. However from this 0. 7%, roughly 87% is alloca ted to agricultural purposes. These statistics are particularly demonstrative of the drastic problem of water scarcity facing humanity. Water scarcity is defined as per bang-up supplies less than 1700 M3/year. The comprehensive assessment of water instruction in agriculture revealed that one in three people are already facing water shortage (2007). roughly 1. 2 cardinal people, or almost one-fifth of the worlds population, live in areas of somatogenetic scarcity, while an other(a) 1. 6 gazillion people, or almost one quarter of the worlds population, face economic water shortage (where countries lack the necessary alkali to take water from rivers and aquifers) nearly all of which are in the develop countries. Agriculture is a significant cause of water scarcity in much of the world since habilitate production requires upto 70 times more water than is used in drink and other municipal purposes.The report says that a rule of thumb is that each calorie consumed as food req uires well-nigh one litre of water to produce. The amount of water in the world is finite. The number of us is ripening fast and our water use is outgrowth even faster. A third of worlds population lives in water express countries now. By 2025, this is judge to compound to some(prenominal)-third. The UN recommends that people need a minimum of 50 litres of water a day for deglutition, washing, cooking and sanitation. In 1990, over a cardinal people did not have even that. Causes of Global water CrisisThere are four main factors aggravating water scarcity * Population Growth In the last century, world population has tripled. It is expect to make up up from the present 6. 5 one million million millions to 8. 9 billions by 2050. Water use has been growing at more than twice the rate of population increase in the last century, and although there is no globose water scarcity as such, an increasing number of regions are chronically short of water. * increase urbanization will focus on the demand for water among an over more concentrated population. Asiatic citizen alone are expected to grow by 1 billion people in the succeeding(prenominal) 20 years. High level of consumption As the world becomes more developed, the amount of national water that each person used is expected to rise significantly. * mode change will shrink the resources of fresh water (a) Pollution and disease Global water consumption rose six fold among 1900 and 1995 more than double the rate of population arrive atshoot and goes on growing as farming, industry and domestic demand all increase. As important as quantity is quality with pollution increasing in some areas, the amount of available water declines.More than phoebe bird millions people die from water-borne diseases each year, 10 times the number killed in wars around the globe. Seventy percent of water used world wide is used for agriculture, much more will be need if we are to turn over worlds growing population predicted to rise from about six billion to 8. 9 billion by 2050. Consumption will star further as more people expect western style lifestyle and diets one kilograms of grain fed beef postulate at least 15 cuboid meters of water, while a kilo of cereals needs entirely(prenominal) upto three cuboid meters. b) Poverty and Water The poor are the ones who mother most. Water shortage can mean considerable walks to fetch water, high price to buy it, food insecurity and disease from inebriety dirty water. But the very thing need to raise gold to rein water problems in poor countries, economic development requires yet more water to supply the agriculture and industries which drive it. The UN-backed World commission on water estimated in 2000 that an additional $100 billion a year would be needed to tackle water scarcity would wide.Even if the money can be found, spending it wisely is a further dispute. Dams and other large scale projects now affect 60% of the worlds largest rivers and provide millions with water. As reasonableness water is exploited, water tables in part of China, India, wolfram Asia, the former Soviet Union and the Western United States are dropping in India by as much as 3 meters a year in 1999. (c) Melting of Glaciers Global warming is resolve glaciers in every region of the world, putting millions of people at risk from floods, draughts and lack of alcoholism water.Glaciers are ancient rivers of compressed snow that weirdy through the landscape, shaping the planets surface. They are the Earths largest fresh water reservoir, conjointly covering an area the size of South Antarctica. Glaciers have been retreating worldwide since the end of the little Ice progress (around 1850), but in recent decades glaciers have began liquescent at rates that cannot be explained by historic dilutes. One in three people is allow one form or other of water scarcity, according to a new report from the International Water Management Institute ( IWMI).The report says that about one- quarter of the worlds population lives in areas where water is physically scare, while about one sixth of humanity over a billion people live where water is economically scares, or places where Water is available in rivers and aquifers, but the infrastructure is lacking to make thick water available to people. In a world of unprecented wealth, almost two million children die-each year for privation of a applesauce of clean water and enough sanitation.Millions of women and young girls are forced to spend hours collecting and carrying water, restricting their opportunities and their choices. Water bone infectious diseases are growing in same of the worlds poorest countries. world development reports 2006 investigates the underlying causes and consequences of a crisis that leaves 1. 2 billion people without access to safe water and 2. 6 billion without access to sanitation. In 2006 the International Management Institute, inform that water scarcity affected a rich third of world population.In 2007 the Intergovernmental panel on climate change predicted that due to climate change, the number of people facing water scarcity would grow. Other, too, say that there is a global water crisis, the availability of water is dwindling, the world is ventingning out of the water. Solution of water scarcity (a) Water and Climate change Water scarcity is expected to become an even more important problem than it is today. There are some(prenominal) reasons for this * First the distribution of hurriedness in lacuna and time is very uneven, leading to tremendous impermanent variability in water resources worldwide (Oki et al. 003). For example, the Atacama waste in Chile receives imperceptible annual quantities of rainwater where as Mawsynram, Assam, India receives over 450 inches annually. If the fresh water on the planet were change integrity equally among the global population, there would be 5000 to 6000 M3 of water availab le for everyone, every year. * Second the rate of evaporation varies a great deal, depending on temperature and relative humidity, which impact the amount of water available to replenish ground water supplies.The combination of shorter era but more intense rainfall (meaning more run off and less infiltration) combined with increase evapotranspiration (the sum of evaporation and full treatment transpiration form the earths land surface to atmosphere) and increase irrigation is expected to lead to ground water depletion. According to world bank, as many as two billion people lack adequate sanitation facilities to place them from water borne disease, while a billion lack access to clean water altogether.According to United States, which has tell 2005-15 the Water for life decade, 95 percent of the world cities still dump water sewage into their water supplies. Thus it should come as no force to know that 80 percent of all the health maladies in developing countries can be trace d back to unsanitary water. Developed countries are not immune to fresh water problem either. Researcher found a six-fold increase in water use for only a two-fold increase in population size in the United States since 1900.Such a trend reflects the connection between higher living standards and increased water usage and underscores the need for more sustainable management and use of water supplies even in more developed societies. (b) Technical Solution in the altogether technology can help, however, particularly by make clean up pollution and so making more water useable, and in agriculture, where water use can be made for more efficient, drought foul plants can also help. shed irrigation drastically cuts the amount of water needed, low-pressure sprinklers are an improvement, and even make simple earth walls to trap rainfall is helpful.Some countries are now treating wastewater so that it can be used and drunk some(prenominal) times over. desalinization makes seawater, but takes huge quantities of energy and leaves vast amount of brine. (c) Climate Change In any case, it is not just us who need water, but every other species that shares the planet with us as well as the ecosystems on which we, and they, rely. Climate change will also have an impact, some areas will belike benefit from increase rainfall, but other are likely to be loser. We have to rethink how much water we really need if we are to go through how to share the Earths supply.While dams and other large schemes play a big spot worldwide, there is also a growing recognition of the value of using the water already have more efficiently rather than harvesting ever more from our rivers and aquifers. For millions of people around the world, getting it right is a matter of life and death. (d) The hydrological Cycle The hydrological stave begins with evaporation from the surface of ocean or land, continues as air carries the water vapour to locations where it forms clouds and eventuall y precipitates out.It then continues when the precipitation is either absorbed into the ground or runs off to the ocean, ready to begin the cycle over over again in an endless loop. The amount of time needed for ground water to recharge can vary with the amount of intensity of precipitation. With world population expected to pass nine billion by mid-century, solutions to water scarcity problems are not going to come easy. Some have suggested that technology such as large-scale salt water desalination plants could fetch more water for the world use.But environmentalists argue that depleting ocean water is no answer and will only create other big problems. In any case, research and development into improving desalination technologies is ongoing, especially in Saudi Arabia, Israel and Japan. Already an estimated 11,000 desalination plants populate in some great hundred countries around the world. Water Management When we think about water scarcity, then, we should not be focusin g on an absolute shortfall between the total needs of the earths population and the available supply, but on where the useable water is and what it costs to bring enough clean water to where people are.Applying market principles to water would assist a more efficient distribution of supply everywhere. Analysts at Harvard Middle East Water Project, for example, sanction depute a monetary value to fresh water, rather than considering it a free natural commodity. They say such a approach could help apologise the political and security tensions caused by water scarcity. move prices in membrane filtering technology (reverse osmosis) and advances in ultraviolet and ozone disinfections have led to a wide roll of off the shelf water technologies.Large companies such as GE, Siemens and Dow developed these technologies for consumer markets in industrial countries, spurred by the exploding market in bottled water, but they offer evoke spin-offs in developing countries. As individuals, we can also reign in our own water use to help conserve what is becoming an ever more precious resource. We can hold off on watering our lawns in times of drought. And when it does rain, we can pull together gutter water in barrels to feed garden hoses and sprinklers. We can turn off the tapes while we brush our teeth or shave, and take shorter showers.In other world, Doing more with less is the first and easiest step along the path toward water scarcity. As a undeviating and affordable technology, desalination has come of age in the last two decades. For Iceland cities such as Singapore, or for a new quin star hotel on a Pacific atoll, a desalination plant is now standard technology. The cost of desalination has come down rapidly and now ranges from $ 0. 5 1. 00 per cubic meter, depending upon price of energy. This is a reasonable price for tipsiness water in a developed urban area or hotel where the impact on way of life prices will be only a few dollars per day.For agricul tural purposes, however the value of water ranges from several cents per cubic meter to grow crop such as corn, wheat, rice or sugar cane, to half a dollar for intensive f begin or vegetable production. Desalination is clearly not an economical option. Desalination is similarly impractical for poor people who live on less than $ 1 or $ 2 per day. completion Water is a source of life of every living organism. Without water living beings cannot survive their lives. There is 60% water in human gross body. It is a natural source that sustains our environments and supports livelihood.Water is the blue gold, and that future wars will be fought for water. So, not a single drop of water original from rain should be allowed to escape into the sea without being utilized for human benefit. Present global water scarcity is defined as per capita supplies less than 1700 M3/year. Around 1. 2 billion people, or almost one-fifth of the worlds population, live in areas of physical scarcity while an other 1. 6 billion, or almost one quarter of the worlds population, face economic, water shortage. A third of worlds population lives in water stressed countries now.The report says that a rule of thumb is that each calorie consumed as food requires about one litre of water to produce. Causes of Global water crisis are population growth, increased urbanization, high level of consumption and climate change which shrink the resources of fresh water, run of glaciers. More than five millions people die from water-borne diseases each year around the Globe due to drinking polluted water. Underground water table is depleting on an average 3 meters a year as per research conducted in India. One in three people is enduring one form or other of water scarcity around the Globe.Almost two million children die each year for want of a glass of clean water and adequate sanitation. If the fresh water on the planet were divided equally among the global population, there would be 5000 to 6000 M3 of water available for every one, every year. Technical solutions of water scarcity around Globe are Drip irrigation, recycling of sewage water and to make it usable for agriculture, vegetables and bathroom purposes, scientific work over hydrological cycle formation, desalination of saline water, Increasing R. O. technology.We should advocate assigning a monetary value to fresh drinking water, rather than considering it a free natural commodity. each every globe citizen should save water in bathing cooking, gardening i. e. their daily use purposes. References * Goudie, As (2006). Global Warming and Fluvial Geomorphology al-Quran 79, September 2006, 37th Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium The human role in changing Fluvial Systems. * Huntington, T. G. (2005) Evidence for Intensification of the global water cycle Review and Synthesis. Journal of Hydrology, 319. * Konikow, Leonard et al. 2005). base water Depletion A Global Problem. Hydrogeology (13). * Nearing, M. A. et al. (2005). Modeling solution of Soil Erosion and Run off to changes in Precipitation and cover. Catena, 61. * Oki, Taikan et al. (2006). Global hydrological Cycles and World Water Resources, wisdom 313. * Vorasmarty, Charles et al. (2000). Global Water Resource Vulnerability from Climate Change and Population Growth, Science, 289. * World Water mind Programme, 2003. Water for people, Water for life The United Nations world water development report. UNESCO Paris.Water Scarcity hoist Well, human is facing a serious challenge of water resource which will be delectated. therefore I collect some reference from Internet. My thesis is that I will use increase water supply as my original solution which transfers the salt sea water into fresh water. (Water solution methods in appendices)The purpose is searching how to reduce water scarcity in my country. Besides, I will talk about three issues the uneven distribution, water pollution and hard water in China, then I am supposed to provide one method which is desalination to dress the scarcity.My method can transport the 97% sea water to the fresh water in order to solve the water scarcity. Introduction instantly people have witnessed the rapid development of the world through using a lot of reputation resources like oil, coal and water. The environment problem becomes more serious, for example the 20 lakes in China dry up each year. Over the past 50 years country has lost more than 1000 natural water reservoirs. This is almost 10000 km2of the water surface. The main reason of this is the active development of industry.China overuses fresh water. Industrial waste water entering the lakes contains chemical compounds came from metallurgy, textile, pharmaceutical, food, pulp and paper industries. (G. T. Frumin, 2011)For the whole world, if people dont have water, human cannot survive anymore. Absolutely, water is dominative in biosphere as a whole, like the water circulation, climate, agriculture and so forth. Every animal in th e earth cannot alive without water also water is an excellent solvent which can transport the food and waste products.Actually, the water is transparent to visible and ultraviolet light. This means that (pure) water is colorless and allows light to penetrate, thus allowing photosynthesis to take place at considerable depths. That are why water is so important in biosphere. Lets see the history of the water scarcity. If we trace the origin of the point, I think we can say the First Industry Revolution. After Britain stretch out the world and do into a fast-paced development. ten thousand resources have been used to invent the technologies, involving water.After that, many countries waste plenty of water in order to become stronger. Some now many countries are scurvy the water. Hence, my purpose is searching how to reduce water scarcity in China. The thesis statement is that I will use method that increase water supply as my original method which transfer the salty water into fresh water. Methodology My topic is that discusses the issues and serves a practical method for the problem. In order to make the information convincing, I have found several websites information to embody the topic.I will search for issues, the uneven water distribution, water pollution, and hard water, and find some current action solving the problems. Then, I will suggest some laws and suggests for the water scarcity. Besides, I will use folder and charts to clear my information. The research can me understand the problems and solution. It is because various and accurate information might indicate a significant number of factors about issues meanwhile tremendous detail also might confirm it. Finding Table 1. 0 water issues affecting China today description present-day(prenominal) plan Issue 1 Water is uneven distribute transfer the water from south to the north Issue 2 Water pollution tackle and formulate more laws( organization) Issue 3 Some water can not drink ( salty , hard) Chemical reaction As you can see from the table, although China is a big country, it still meets 3 main fresh water issues. Firstly, the amount of fresh water for everyone is very small. Although the China accounted for approximate 6% amount fresh water resource in the world, the average of each Chinese people is lower than the average of world (around 20%). It is because there is a substantial proportion of land in China (thirst in world) meanwhile there is a levelheaded percentage of population in china (about13 billion). China supports 20 percent of the world population with only 7 percent of its water.China has roughly the same amount of water as the United States but five times the population. The shortages are particularly acute in northern China where half the population lives with only 15 percent of Chinas water. (Jeffrey Hays 2013) As a consequence, the fresh water resource might distribute unbalanced in residual areas in China. For example, in Beijing, Hangzhou, the big south cities in China, people have lot water, so they always waste the water and dont build the awareness of saving water. But in some dry places, like Shanxi, the rural people even have no water to drink. It is unfair for people in those areas. Uneven distribution water graph in the appendices) Secondly, water pollution and water stress is reached a primary issue in a massive amount of city in China. Water shortages and water pollution in China are such a problem that the World till warns of catastrophic consequences for future generations. To be more consider that there were total of 600 cities was investigated and around 400 cities witnessed huge water pollution or water stress. fractional of Chinas population lacks safe drinking water. Nearly two thirds of Chinas rural populationmore than 500 million peopleuse water contaminated by human and industrial waste. Jeffrey Hays 2012) Ultimately, another water issue is that there is a considerable quantity of water which cannot be used efficiently by numerous citizen and manufacture. For example, the water is too hard to drink. In my hometown, Zhengzhou, the water is hard, if the water is boiling, there always lefts a lot of water logging which means the water contains many Ca and Mg. In America, since 1972, they have published the law about the water scarcity and safety. But China doesnt have the completely law to frontier the water scarcity. There have three methods to solve all the problems.According to uneven water distribution, China has run a method that transports the water from rich south area to the poor north area. Thus, people who live in north can have more water. Second, here are many solutions are suggested in China. A famous project named South-to-North Water frolic Project (NSBD. 2008,) is established in 2000s in China which is used to relive the water stress of northern areas like Shanxi meanwhile a significant number of money is invested to clean the water which had contaminated and proje ct the recent fresh water.Third, the water in many cities cannot eat because it is hard and salty. So, China now uses some chemical to moderate the hard water and sack some wells to help people drink more fresh water. Discussion I like to increase water supply as my original solution . People now have invented many ways to address the scarcity of water problems. I have discussed three in my finding. According to the first issue which is the uneven water distribution, I think the desalination method is the most useful way, and I believe it can solve the problem of the shortage of the water.Water desalination is the removal of salts and dissolved solids from saline water (brackish or seawater), also known as Desalting or Desalinization. In addition to the removal of minerals, the process removes most biological or organic chemical compounds. intimately desalination processes are based either on thermal distillation or membrane musical interval technologies. (SWP2011) Seawater desa lination is an increasingly important solution to the rising water scarcity afflicting many of the worlds regions. In the world, the proportion of sea water is 97. 47%, the fresh water is only 2. 3%. So if human can transfer this huge amount sea water to fresh water, human will have more fresh water to drink, and survive. Many countries like mid eat and more than 125 countries have attempted these way, because it is economical and efficient. More than 70 % people live near the sea in 120 miles. Besides, the water in the earth is 78%. Thus, it is a really large number for the water scarcity. Human can use less money and get more water in the future. The countries have experimented many times and this method has become more perfect. Conclusion and RecommendationIn the statement of findings, I created a new solution of using fresh water effectively, I believe it will be enacted by government, because this solution needs a few investments, but it might a huge advantage of making more fr esh water in the future. Through using desalination methods, people can transfer the 97% sea water into fresh water for people. As I said, it is a huge potential area for water scarcity. If these can completely use in China, people in the dry areas will have water to drink and survive. Reference G. T. Frumin (2011) Fresh water lakes in China. Online. Available at http//wenku. baidu. om/view/9d4aa2be65ce050876321339. html Accessed 9 March 2013 Jeffrey Hays (2013) FACTS AND DETAILS Online. Available at http//factsanddetails. com/china. php? itemid=317 Accessed 9 March 2013 Jeffrey Hay (2012) FACTS AND DETAILS Online Available at http//factsanddetails. com/china. php? itemid=391 Accessed 9 March 2013 NSBD (2008) China daily Online Available at http//usa. chinadaily. com. cn/business/2012-12/05/content_15989621. htm Accessed 9 March 2013 SWP (2011) International decade for action water for life 2005-2015 Online. Available at http//www. un. org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity. html Accessed 9 March 2013 Appendices Chart 2. 0 Water supply in the world pic Table 2. 0 Water solution Water supply Water demand extend water supply increase same slump water supply same decrease both increase decrease